pH is a measurement of the acidity or alkalinity of a solution. It provides a value on a scale from 0 to 14 where 7 is neutral, less than 7 is acidic, and greater than 7 is alkaline (or basic). The closer you move towards 0, the more a solution is acidic, and the closer you move to 14, the more a solution is alkaline. pH is often depicted on a graphical colour scale as shown below
Oxidation-reduction potential, or ORP, is a measurement that indicates the degree to which a substance is capable of oxidizing or reducing another substance. ORP is measured in millivolts (mv) using an ORP meter. A positive ORP reading indicates that a substance is an oxidizing agent. The higher the reading, the more oxidizing it is. As such, a substance with an ORP reading of +400 mv is 4 times more oxidizing than a substance with an ORP reading of +100 mv. A negative ORP reading indicates that a substance is a reducing agent. The lower the reading, the more anti-oxidizing it is. As such, a substance with an ORP reading of -400 mv is 4 times more anti-oxidizing than a substance with an ORP reading of -100 mv.
Most types of water, including tap water and bottled water, are oxidizing agents as their ORP value is positive.
Alkaline ionized water is an anti-oxidizing agent, as it has a negative ORP value and it is able to donate extra electrons to neutralize the harmful effects of free radicals on the body. Most other types of water are oxidizing agents as their ORP is positive.
When you start drinking alkaline water, normal side effects may include headaches, fatigue, muscle aches, a runny nose, and other flu-like symptoms. Also, your stool will likely be darker, softer, or more odorous and you may experience gas. These side-effects are a good sign, as they are directly related to the detoxification that your body is undergoing as the micro-clustered water penetrates deep into your tissues and expels acid waste and toxins that have accumulated in your body over time. Side-effects will subside once your body has become accustomed to the water, anywhere from 2-3 days to 2-3 weeks, depending on each individual and the level of detoxification that the body needs to undergo.
Hard water interferes with almost every cleaning task from laundering and dishwashing to bathing and personal grooming. Clothes laundered in hard water may look dingy and feel harsh and scratchy. Dishes and glasses may be spotted when dry. Hard water may cause a film on glass shower doors, shower walls, bathtubs, sinks, faucets, etc. Hair washed in hard water may feel sticky and look dull. Water flow may be reduced by deposits in pipes.
Hard water also contributes to inefficient and costly operation of water-using appliances. Heated hard water forms a scale of calcium and magnesium minerals that can contribute to the inefficient operation or failure of water-using appliances. Pipes can become clogged with scale that reduces water flow and ultimately requires pipe replacement.
Apart from poor and aging infrastructure in water distribution, increasing pollution levels in air and soil have led to the incidence of heavy metals like Lead in water. Rust is another contamination introduced in water by the poor maintenance of the pipes and water storage tanks.
Lead can enter into water from aging pipes, solder, fixtures and fittings. So even if the corporation water is pure, the chances are that contaminants like lead can find its way into your tap water. There can even be cases where contaminated water can get mixed with corporation water if there are leakages in piping. Hence it is recommended to purify water at home before drinking it.
Boiling has traditionally been recommended by Doctors. Boiling can kill germs like bacteria and virus to make water safe. However, if metal contaminants are dissolved in water, then boiling cannot remove them.
Filtering is effective in improving the physical appearance of water and getting rid of suspended impurities. However, if metal contaminants are dissolved in water, then filtering cannot remove them.